Mathematical Functions

• Nov 15, 2018
• 13 minutes to read

This document briefly describes mathematical functions implemented in the XtraSpreadsheet.

Name	Description	Syntax
ABS	Returns the absolute value of a number. The absolute value of a number is the number without its sign.	ABS(number)
ACOS	Returns the arccosine, or inverse cosine, of a number. The returned angle is given in radians in the range of -pi/2 to pi/2.	ACOS(number) The argument must be in the range of -1 to 1.
ACOSH	Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number.	ACOSH(number)
ACOT	Returns the inverse cotangent (the arccotangent) of a number.	ACOT(number)
ACOTH	Returns the inverse hyperbolic cotangent of the number.	ACOTH(number)
AGGREGATE	Returns an aggregate in a list or database.	Reference form: AGGREGATE(function_num, options, ref1, [ref2], …) Array form: AGGREGATE(function_num, options, array, [k]) The function_num argument specifies the function to use in the calculation. Possible values for the function_num argument are listed in the following table: function_num Function Form 1 AVERAGE Reference 2 COUNT Reference 3 COUNTA Reference 4 MAX Reference 5 MIN Reference 6 PRODUCT Reference 7 STDEV.S Reference 8 STDEV.P Reference 9 SUM Reference 10 VAR.S Reference 11 VAR.P Reference 12 MEDIAN Reference 13 MODE.SNGL Reference 14 LARGE Array 15 SMALL Array 16 PERCENTILE.INC Array 17 QUARTILE.INC Array 18 PERCENTILE.EXC Array 19 QUARTILE.EXC Array The options argument is a number that defines which values to ignore during the calculation. Options Behavior 0 or omitted Ignore nested SUBTOTAL and AGGREGATE functions. 1 Ignore hidden rows, nested SUBTOTAL and AGGREGATE functions. 2 Ignore error values, nested SUBTOTAL and AGGREGATE functions. 3 Ignore hidden rows, error values, nested SUBTOTAL and AGGREGATE functions. 4 Ignore nothing. 5 Ignore hidden rows. 6 Ignore error values. 7 Ignore hidden rows and error values. Ref1, [ref2], … specify numeric arguments for the function when the reference form is used (you can supply up to 253 ref arguments). The array argument specifies an array, an array formula, or a reference to a cell range when the array form is used. [k] is a second argument required for the following functions: LARGE, SMALL, PERCENTILE.INC, QUARTILE.INC, PERCENTILE.EXC, and QUARTILE.EXC.
ARABIC	Converts a Roman numeral to an Arabic numeral.	ARABIC(text)
ASIN	Returns the arcsine, or inverse sine, of a number. The returned angle is given in radians in the range of -pi/2 to pi/2.	ASIN(number) The argument must be in the range of -1 to 1.
ASINH	Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number	ASINH(number)
ATAN	Returns the arctangent, or inverse tangent, of a number. The returned angle is given in radians in the range -pi/2 to pi/2.	ATAN(number)
ATAN2	Calculates the arctangent (i.e. the inverse tangent) of a pair of x and y coordinates, and returns an angle, in radians.	ATAN2( x_num, y_num )
ATANH	Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a given number.	ATANH(number)
BASE	Converts a number into a text representation with the given base.	BASE(number, radix, min_length) The number must be a positive integer less than 2^53. The radix is the base into what the number is converted. The radix is an integer >= 2 and <= 36. Min_length is optional, it is the minimum length of the returned string. If the Min_length parameter is present, leading zeros are added if required.
CEILING	Returns a number rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest multiple of significance.	CEILING(number, significance) The number is the value to round, the significance is the multiple to which you want to round. If the number is negative, and the significance is negative, the value is rounded down, away from zero. If the number is negative, and the significance is positive, the value is rounded up towards zero.
CEILING.MATH	Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.	CEILING.MATH(number, significance, mode) The number is the value to round, the optional significance parameter is the multiple to which you want to round. The optional mode parameter affects negative numbers only and specifies whether the number is rounded toward zero (mode = 0) or away from zero (mode <> 0).
CEILING.PRECISE	Returns number rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.	CEILING.PRECISE(number, significance )
COMBIN	Returns the number of combinations for a given number of items.	COMBIN( n, k ) n is the number of items in the set, k is the number of items to choose from the set.
COMBINA	Returns the number of combinations (with repetitions) for a given number of items.	COMBINA( n, k ) n is the number of items in the set, k is the number of items to choose from the set.
COS	Returns the cosine of the given angle.	COS(number) The number is the angle in radians.
COSH	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.	COSH(number) The number is any real number.
COT	Returns the cotangent of an angle.	COT(number)
COTH	Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a number.	COTH(number)
CSC	Returns the cosecant of an angle.	CSC(number)
CSCH	Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle.	CSCH(number)
DECIMAL	Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number.	DECIMAL(text, radix)
DEGREES	Converts radians into degrees.	DEGREES(angle) The angle is in radians.
EVEN	Returns a number rounded up to the nearest even integer.	EVEN(number) Regardless of the sign of the number, the value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero. If the number is an even integer, no rounding occurs.
EXP	Returns the value of the mathematical constant e raised to the power of the number.	EXP(number)
FACT	Returns the factorial of a number.	FACT(number) The number is nonnegative. It the number is not an integer, it is truncated.
FACTDOUBLE	Returns the double factorial of a number.	FACTDOUBLE(number)
FLOOR	Rounds the number down toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance.	FLOOR(number, significance) The number is the value to round, the significance is the multiple to which you want to round.
FLOOR.MATH	Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.	FLOOR.MATH(number, significance, mode) The number is the value to round, the optional significance is the multiple to which you want to round, the optional mode specifies the direction to round negative numbers (toward 0 if equal to 0, away from 0 if the mode is not zero).
FLOOR.PRECISE	Rounds a numer down to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded down.	FLOOR.PRECISE(number, significance )
GCD	Returns the greatest common divisor.	GCD(number1, [number2], …)
INT	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.	INT(number)
ISO.CEILING	Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.	ISO.CEILING(number, significance) The number is the value to round, the optional significance is the multiple to which you want to round.
LN	Returns the natural logarithm of a number.	LN(number) The number is a positive real number.
LCM	Returns the least common multiple.	LCM(number1, [number2], …)
LOG	Returns the logarithm of a number to the base that you specify.	LOG(number, base) The number is a positive real number (the base is optional). It is the base of the logarithm. If omitted, the base is assumed to be 10.
LOG10	Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number.	LOG10(number) The number is a positive real number.
MDETERM	Returns the matrix determinant of an array.	MDETERM(array)
MINVERSE	Returns the matrix inverse of an array.	MINVERSE(array)
MMULT	Returns the matrix product of two arrays. The result is an array with the same number of rows as array1 and the same number of columns as array2.	MMULT(array1, array2) The number of columns in array1 must be the same as the number of rows in array2, and both arrays must only contain numbers.
MOD	Returns the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor.	MOD(number, divisor) The number is the number for which to find the remainder, and the divisor is the number by which you want to divide the number. The result has the same sign as the divisor.
MROUND	Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple.	MROUND(number, multiple) The number is the value to round, the multiple is the value to which you want to round the number. The function rounds up, away from zero, if the remainder of dividing the number by multiple is greater than or equal to half the value of the multiple. For example, MROUND(10,3) returns 9 because the remainder of 10 divided by 3 is 1 which is less than half of 3. MROUND(11,3) returns 12.
MUNIT	Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension.	MUNIT(dimension)
MULTINOMIAL	Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers.	MULTINOMIAL(number1, [number2], …)
ODD	Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer.	ODD(number)
PI	Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits.	PI()
POWER	Returns the result of a number raised to a power.	POWER(number, power) The number is a real number, and the power is the exponent to which the number is raised. You can use the “^” operator instead.
PRODUCT	Multiplies all numbers given as arguments and returns the product.	PRODUCT(number1, number2, …) If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in the array or reference are multiplied. Empty cells, logical values, and text in the array or reference are ignored.
QUOTIENT	Returns the integer portion of a division.	QUOTIENT(number, divisor)
RADIANS	Converts degrees to radians.	RADIANS(angle)
RAND	Returns an evenly distributed random real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1. A new random real number is returned every time the worksheet is calculated.	RAND()
RANDBETWEEN	Returns a random integer number between the numbers that are specified. A new random integer number is returned every time the worksheet is calculated.	RANDBETWEEN(bottom, top) The bottom is the smallest integer, the top is the largest integer that the function will return.
ROMAN	Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text.	ROMAN(number, [form])
ROUND	Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.	ROUND(number, num_digits) If num_digits is 0, the number is rounded to the nearest integer. If num_digits is greater than 0 (zero), then the number is rounded to the specified number of decimal places. If num_digits is less than 0, then the number is rounded to the left of the decimal point.
ROUNDDOWN	Rounds a number down, toward zero, to a specified number of digits.	ROUNDDOWN(number, num_digits) If num_digits is 0, the number is rounded to the nearest integer. If num_digits is greater than 0 (zero), then the number is rounded to the specified number of decimal places. If num_digits is less than 0, then the number is rounded to the left of the decimal point.
ROUNDUP	Rounds a number up to a specified number of digits.	ROUNDUP(number, num_digits) If num_digits is 0, the number is rounded to the nearest integer. If num_digits is greater than 0 (zero), then the number is rounded to the specified number of decimal places. If num_digits is less than 0, then the number is rounded to the left of the decimal point.
SEC	Returns the secant of an angle.	SEC(number)
SECH	Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle.	SECH(number)
SERIESSUM	Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula.	SERIESSUM(x, n, m, coefficients)
SIGN	Determines the sign of a number. Returns 1 if the number is positive, zero (0) if the number is 0, and -1 if the number is negative.	SIGN(number)
SIN	Returns the sine of the given angle.	SIN(number) The number is the angle in radians.
SINH	Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number.	SIN() number
SQRT	Returns a positive square root.	SQRT(number) The number is any positive number.
SQRTPI	Multiplies a specified number by pi and returns a square root of the product.	SQRTPI(number) The number is any positive number.
SUBTOTAL	Performs a specified calculation (the sum, product, average, etc.) for a supplied set of values	SUBTOTAL(function_num, ref1, ref2, …) The function_num argument is a number that specifies the calculation type. Possible values for the function_num argument are listed in the following table. Note that by selecting a proper function_num argument you can ignore or include hidden values in calculation. function_num (include hidden values) function_num (ignore hidden values) Function 1 101 AVERAGE 2 102 COUNT 3 103 COUNTA 4 104 MAX 5 105 MIN 6 106 PRODUCT 7 107 STDEV 8 108 STDEVP 9 109 SUM 10 110 VAR 11 111 VARP
SUM	Adds all numbers that you specify as arguments	SUM(number1, number2, …) Each argument can be a range, a cell reference, an array, a constant, a formula, or the result from another function. If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, or text in the array or reference are ignored.
SUMIF	Sums the values in a range that meet criteria that you specify	SUMIF(range, criteria, sum_range) Range is the range of cells that you wish to filter by criteria. Criteria is a number, expression, cell reference, text, or function that defines which cells will be added. Optional sum_range specifies the actual cells to add. If omitted, the cells specified in the Range argument are added.
SUMIFS	Sums the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria.	SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2, …) Sum_range is the range of cells to sum. Criteria_range specifies the range in which to evaluate the specified criteria. The criteria is a number, expression, cell reference or text that defines which cells in the criteria_range argument will be added. You can specify several criteria ranges with specific criteria for each.
SUMPRODUCT	Returns the sum of the products of the corresponding values in two or more supplied arrays.	SUMPRODUCT(array1, array2, array3, …) The array arguments must have the same dimensions. Array entries that are not numeric are treated as if they were zeros.
SUMSQ	Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments.	SUMSQ(number1, number2, …) You can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of arguments separated by commas. Empty cells, logical values, text, or error values in the array or reference are ignored.
SUMX2MY2	Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays.	SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y)
SUMX2PY2	Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays.	SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y)
SUMXMY2	Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays	SUMXMY2(array_x, array_y) Array_x and array_y should have the same number of values. If an array or reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, those values are ignored.
TAN	Returns the tangent of the given angle.	TAN(angle) The angle is measured in radians.
TANH	Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.	TANH(number) The number is any real number.
TRUNC	Truncates a number to a specified number of decimal places.	TRUNC(number, num_digits) If an optional parameter num_digits is omitted or has a value of 0, rounding is performed on an integer.